Ethiopia geography and climate pdf

Mar 30, 2012 ethiopia s geographic challenge stratfor. The course geography of ethiopia had been offered to all freshman students of ethiopian universities until 2005. Most of the country is highland with many of its tourist destinations like lalibela and gondar are at an elevation above 2,000m 6,561ft. Equatorial climate this type of climate is experienced in the region between 5n and 5s of the equator. Ethiopias climate is generally mild, in which the average temperature in the highland areas including most of the major cities like addis ababa is below 20c 68f and exceeding 30c 85f in lowlands like the dallol danakil depression. Essential facts and information algeria travel guide. Climate change and the ethiopian economy resources for the. Occupying most of the horn of africa, the landmass of ethiopia is roughly three times the size of california. Mix play all mix geography now youtube 147 videos play all countries az geography now the ultimate ethiopian food tour street food and restaurants in addis ababa, ethiopia. The ultimate goal is to produce a book with a chapter for each of 22 geography courses. Altitudeinduced climatic conditions form the basis for three environmental zones cool, temperate, and hotwhich have been known to ethiopians since. The vast majority of languages belong to the semitic, cushitic, or omotic groups, all part of the afroasiatic language family.

The land of ethiopia provides an extraordinary variety of landscapes, with its huge and lofty central plateau area contrasting totally with its hot deserts and tropics. Lying just north of the equator, the country experiences little variation in temperature throughout the year. The diversity of the terrain is fundamental to regional variations in climate, natural vegetation, soil composition, and settlement patterns. A military coup in 1974 turned the country into a socialist state. However, in the deep valleys of the tekeze and abay, and generally in places below 1,200 m 3,937 ft, the conditions are tropical and diseases such as malaria are prevalent. The geography of ethiopia varies by region and influences the local climate. Already in ethiopia, temperatures have been rising, and the length of the main growing season across eastern africa has reduced by 15 per cent. The country entirely lies within the tropical latitudes, thus the lowlands have tropical savannah or desert climate while the higher mountain plateau experiences a more temperate climate.

Ethiopians are ethnically diverse, with the most important differences on the basis of linguistic categorization. Climate change national adaptation programme of action napa of ethiopia editor. The capital is addis ababa new flower, located almost at the center of the country. Ethiopia climate risk country profile climate change knowledge. In modern times ethiopia has been ravaged by famine and military coups. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about ethiopia geography 2020 should be addressed to the cia or the source cited on each page. If you dont see any interesting for you, use our search form on bottom v. Altitudeinduced climatic conditions form the basis for three environmental zones cool, temperate, and hotwhich have been known to ethiopians since antiquity as the dega. Geography graduates work in the teaching and nonteaching professions and contribute significantly to the socioeconomic development of the country. There are short rains in april and may called the belg which are nothing really to write home. Geography and environmental studies haramaya university. In ethiopia, the climate varies mostly with altitude, and it goes from the hot and arid climate of the lowlands to the cool climate of the plateau. Only limited stretches of the countrys borders are defined by natural features. As the country is located within the tropics, its physical conditions and variations in altitude have resulted in great diversity of terrain, climate, soil, flora and fauna.

Check out our country profile, full of essential information about ethiopias geography, history, government, economy, population, culture, religion and languages. It consists of rugged mountains, flattopped plateaus, deep gorges and river valleys. Oct 12, 2016 mix play all mix geography now youtube 147 videos play all countries az geography now the ultimate ethiopian food tour street food and restaurants in addis ababa, ethiopia. The dry season runs from september through to march which is the best time to travel to ethiopia. Climate change, growth and poverty in ethiopia integrated drought. The climate of ethiopia is created by the moistureladen winds from the southwest interacting with the mountains and high plateau. Ethiopia facts africa facts facts for kids geography. This paper analyses the economic impacts of climate change on ethiopias agriculture. The different parts experience different types of climate which include.

The climate of east africa east africa lies within the tropical latitudes but due to a combination of factors the region experiences a variety of climatic types. Famine early warning systems networkinforming climate change. Stratfor explains how ethiopia s diverse geography historically has led to disunity among its people while also limiting the ability of foreign powers. The country is landlocked, sharing frontiers with eritrea to the north and northeast, djibouti to the east, somalia to the east and southeast, kenya to the south, and sudan to the west. Kennedy memorial library the main university library is the john f. General climate ethiopia makes up the greater part of the east african horn of africa. On this page you can read or download ethiopian geography and location books pdf in pdf format. Within ethiopia is a vast highland complex of mountains and dissected plateaus divided by the great rift valley, which runs generally southwest to northeast and is surrounded by lowlands, steppes, or semidesert. C, a modular curriculum at national level was developed with the participation of respective university professionals under the guidance of ministry of education and started to practice in a modularization system in 2005 e.

In ancient times it remained centred on aksum, an imperial capital located in the northern part of the modern state, about 100 miles 160 km from the red sea coast. Winds that originate over the atlantic ocean and blow across equatorial africa have a marked seasonal effect on much of ethiopia. Ethiopia is the only african country that was not colonized other than a short occupation by italy before world war ii. Most of ethiopia s borders have been delimited by treaty.

Basic climatic parameters such as temperature, rainfall, relative humidity, wind, evapotranspiration. The central plateau has a moderate climate with minimal seasonal temperature variation. Abebe tadege this report is the output of a project entitled preparation of national adaptation programme of action for ethiopia that was supported by the gef through the undp. Pdf adaptation to climate change in ethiopia and south.

The republic of somalia was formed in 1960 by the federation of a former italian colony and a british protectorate. N, ethiopia s climate is typically tropical in the south. The long rains run from july through to the end of september. Stratfor explains how ethiopia s diverse geography historically has led to disunity among its people. Ethiopian treasures explores the many varied aspects of ethiopia including its history, culture, tradition, religion, language, calendar, geography and climate. Gathering of primary indicator data related to population, livelihoods, geography and well.

Ethiopia is a mosaic of about 100 languages that can be classified into four groups. Pdf global warming and climate change, causes, impacts. Average temperatures for the country are 6877f 2025c throughout the year. Mohamed siad barre maxamed siyaad barre held dictatorial rule over the country from october 1969 until january 1991, when he was overthrown in a bloody civil war waged by clanbased guerrillas. Basic climatic parameters such as temperature, rainfall, relative humidity, wind, evapotranspiration, and aridity are considered and their spatial. Diverse rainfall and temperature patterns are largely the result of ethiopia s location in africas tropical zone and the countrys varied topography. Climate of ethiopia weather and geography of ethiopia.

A major portion of ethiopia lies on the horn of africa, which is the easternmost part of the african landmass its topography ranges from deserts along its eastern border, the choke and mandebo mountains ranges in its central core, and tropical forests in the southern reaches. Ethiopia is a land of contrasts in so many ways and this is particularly noticeable in its cities, towns and villages. Geography and environmental studies addis ababa university. Ebook an introductory geography of ethiopia as pdf. It is temperate on the plateau and hot in the lowlands. Its topography ranges from deserts along its eastern border, the choke and mandebo mountains ranges in its central core, and tropical forests in the southern reaches.

Ethiopia is one of the worlds oldest countries, its territorial extent having varied over the millennia of its existence. These places enjoy a considerably cooler climate yearround. At addis ababa, which ranges from 2,200 to 2,600 m 7,218 to 8,530 ft, maximum temperature is 26 c 78. While containing large stretches of plains in the east and south, the country is dominated by highlands, which rise to well over 3,000 ft 1,300 m, and the great rift valley, which is several hundred meters below sea level. Study session 11 impacts of climate change in ethiopia introduction. Ethiopian climate varies according to the different topographical regions. If thats not enough, click over to our collection of world maps and flags. Adaptation to climate change in ethiopia and south africa. Climate ethiopia climates to travel world climate guide. Ethiopia is in the tropical zone laying between the equator and the tropic of cancer. A major portion of ethiopia lies on the horn of africa, which is the easternmost part of the african landmass. Ethiopia weather, climate and geography weather and climate best time to visit. It has three different climate zones according to elevation.

Complex patterns of climate, climate change, and livelihoods most rural people live in the highlands and middlehighlands, which. Global warming and climate change, causes, impacts and mitigation. The first batch of geography majors who numbered three graduated in 1963. The climate of ethiopia and its dependent territories varies greatly. It is almost always hot and humid, with cooler conditions in the central mountains. All banking institutions were nationalized after the governments formal declaration of socialism on 20 december 1974. With an estimated area of 41,410 square kilometers, the region has an estimated density of 100. Their effect on the coastal region, however, is to create a mediterraneanlike climate. Yet despite progress toward eliminating extreme poverty, ethiopia remains one of the poorest countries in the world, due both to rapid population growth and a low starting base. This trend continued for more than a decade and a half. A large amount of work has already been carried out by many countries on assessing impacts and vulnerabilities to climate change, as well as considering possible adaptation options.

Climate change is expected to increase the surface temperature of the earth and the oceans, raise sea levels, alter the global distribution of rainfall, affect the direction of ocean currents and major airstreams, and increase the intensity and frequency of extreme weather events. Ethiopia geography, climate and population ethiopia, with a total area of 1. Climate change data generated using gcms have been made increasingly available to other research the undp climate change country profiles improving the accessibility of observed and projected climate information for studies of climate change in developing countries by. Ethiopian highlands ethiopia is a landlocked nation located in northeastern africa in an area known as the horn of africa. The lowlands to the east beyond the mountains get relatively little rainfall as shown in the map below. Climate ethiopia average weather, temperature, rainfall, when to go, what to pack in ethiopia, the climate varies mostly with altitude, and it goes from the hot and arid climate of the lowlands to the cool climate of the plateau. Ethiopia has the lowest level of incomeinequality in africa and one of the lowest in the world, with a gini coefficient comparable to that of the scandinavian countries. The country covers approximately 1,221,900 square kilometers and shares frontiers with sudan, kenya, somalia, and djibouti. Ethiopia food and agriculture organization of the united nations. The great diversity of terrain determines wide variations in climate, soils, natural vegetation, and settlement patterns.

Its climate, topography, rivers as well as other natural and biodiversified resources make the country favorable particularly for agricultural investment. Based on the 2007 census conducted by the central statistical agency of ethiopia csa, the tigray region has a population of 4,316,988, of whom 2,126,465 are men and 2,190,523 women. Ancient ethiopia is mentioned in greek history as well as hebrew history. Famine early warning systems networkinforming climate. This presentation attempts to revise the knowledge of the climate of ethiopia by means of updated, longer time series and including a larger number of meteostations than previous studies. The geography of ethiopia and the horn is, therefore, intended to familiarize. Its red sea coastline is about 960 kilometers long. Ethiopia country handbook this handbook provides basic reference information on ethiopia, including its geography, history, government, military forces, and communications and transportation networks. Although uptodate figures are hard to come by, the country has few large cities by modern standards. An introductory geography of ethiopia top results of your surfing an introductory geography of ethiopia start download portable document format pdf and ebooks electronic books free online rating news 20162017 is books that can provide inspiration, insight, knowledge to the reader. During world war ii, italy occupied the country for a few years, but was removed when they lost the war. However, it was interrupted with the curricula revision that ended up making the duration of study for a university degree for most disciplines to be three years. The country lies wholly within the tropics, but its nearness to the equator is counterbalanced by the elevation of the land. Kennedy memorial library, which was opened in august 1969.

Ethiopia has a tropical monsoon climate with wide topographicinduced variations. Many areas of ethiopia will maintain moist climate conditions, and. It is erosion, volcanic eruptions and tectonic movements over the ages that have contributed to the nations diverse topography. Ethiopia is slightly less than twice the size of texas, with a total area of 426,372 square miles 1,104,300 square kilometres. Ethiopia climate diverse rainfall and temperature patterns are largely the result of ethiopia s location in africas tropical zone and the countrys varied topography. The climate of ethiopia is tropical monsoon with wide topographicinduced variation that is temperate on the plateau and hot in the lowlands. This presentation attempts to revise the knowledge of the climate of ethiopia by means of updated, longer time series and including a larger number of meteo. Economic policy research institute eepri in addis ababa, ethiopia.

No claims are made regarding the accuracy of ethiopia geography 2020 information contained here. Undps climate change country profile for ethiopia, ipcc reports, ethiopias national adaptation programme of. Ethiopia is a country richly endowed with huge manpower, vast arable land and a wide array of natural resources. Review of climate data from the national meteorological agency nma and the famine early warning system network fews net. Download ethiopian geography and location books pdf document. While water is frequently in short supply, vast lakes and major and impressive rivers cut through the ethiopian countryside, cascading far below ranges of towering mountains. Ebook an introductory geography of ethiopia as pdf download. Now a days, geography and environmental studies has been given in all higher institutions of ethiopia. Ethiopia managed to avoid colonization from europe unlike most other african areas and countries.

Ethiopia, landlocked country on the horn of africa, the largest and most populous country in that region. Ethiopia has a varied climate that rarely adheres to the usual rules of a country so close to the equator. This information is intended to familiarize military personnel with local customs and area knowledge to assist them during their assignment. Climate, climate change, and livelihoods most rural people live in the highlands and middlehighlands, which comprise only onethird of the country, and this population tends to be concentrated primarily in oromia or northern snnpr. Study session 11 impacts of climate change in ethiopia. Geography and climate geography ethiopia is a landlocked country with boundaries from latitude 3n to 15n and from longitude 33e to 48e, enclosing an area of 1,127,127 square kilometers 435,186 square miles. Ethiopia is a country rich in geographical diversity. Famine early warning systems networkinforming climate change adaptation series a climate trend analysis of ethiopia printed on recycled paper conclusions food security context. There are three principal climate groups in ethiopia. Undps climate change country profile for ethiopia, ipcc reports, ethiopia s national adaptation programme of. Over the greater part of ethiopia as well as the oromia highlands, the climate is very healthy and temperate. Infoplease has everything you need to know about ethiopia.